XUE Yan,
LIU Jie,
SONG ZhiPing et al
.2018.On the universality and mechanism interpretation of the seismicity characteristics before the 2008 Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake.Chinese Journal Of Geophysics,61(5): 1891-1906,doi: 10.6038/cjg2018M0164
汶川地震前地震活动特征的普遍性及其机理探讨
薛艳, 刘杰, 宋治平, 黎明晓
中国地震台网中心, 北京 100045
On the universality and mechanism interpretation of the seismicity characteristics before the 2008 Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake
XUE Yan, LIU Jie, SONG ZhiPing, LI MingXiao
China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing 100045, China
Abstract：The remarkable seismicity anomalies before the 2008 Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake are as follows. An active strengthening area, namely a ring distribution with M≥5.5 events appeared from the northern part of Yunnan to the border area of Gansu, Qinghai and Sichuan provinces during the time of 1970 to 2008. A background gap with M≥5.0 earthquakes was formed around the Longmen Shan fault zone from 1970 to 1999. The Wenchuan earthquake occurred in the background gap which was in the active strengthening area. From 2001 to 2007, the seismogenic gap with ML≥4.0 shocks was formed. While one year prior to the Wenchuan earthquake, several shocks with ML4.0~5.0 occurred in the seismogenic gap and its two ends, and the gap was broken. The above seismicity patterns, such as the active strengthening area, background gap and seimogenic gap, appeared before the Whenchuan earthquake are a universal phenomenon. For contrastive analysis, we study the seismicity anomalies of 14 great earthquakes in a global area since 2001, in which 4 of them are MS≥7.8 events in China mainland and adjacent areas, and the other 10 are MW≥8.0 shocks. The statistical characteristics are stated below. The length of the active strengthening area is 850~1800 km and its duration time is 13-38 years. The logarithm of the long axis of the active strengthening area is correlated with the magnitude of the main shocks in a positive way. The ratio of the scale of the strengthening area to the aftershock area is 2.3~7.7 and the logarithm of the ratio is correlated with the main shock in a negative way. The long axis of the background gaps is 300~1100 km and the duration time is 10-32 years. There is a positive correlation between the logarithm of the long axis of the background gaps and the magnitude of the main shock. The length of the seismogenic gaps is 370~780 km, and the duration time of it is 1.2-7.0 years. The logarithm of the long axis of seismogenic gaps is correlated with the magnitude of the main shock in a positive way. For intraplate earthquakes, the minimum magnitude of the strengthening area is M5.0 or M5.5, the minimum magnitudes of the background gap and the seimogenic gap are M5.0 and M4.0, respectively. While for interplate earthquakes, the minimum magnitudes of the strengthening area and the background gap are M6.0 or M6.5, respectively, and the minimum magnitude of the seismogenic gap is M5.0 or M5.5. Based on the strong body seimogenic model, the ring distribution of the strengthening area is due to that the rupture strength of the source body is higher than that of the surrounding medium. During the earthquake preparing process, the range and strength of the body strain are gradually increasing and decreasing. This is the reason for the evolution of the three stages of the active strengthening area. The linear relation between the logarithm of the long axis of the strengthening area and the main shock magnitude, and that between the logarithm of the ratio of the length of the strengthening area to aftershock area can be deduced from the elastic body source theory.
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