YANG XiaoSong,
DUAN QingBao,
CHEN JianYe
.2018.Fluid-rock interactions and their effects on the evolution of the Wenchuan earthquake fault zone.Chinese Journal Of Geophysics,61(5): 1758-1770,doi: 10.6038/cjg2018M0232
汶川地震断裂带水岩相互作用及其对断裂带演化影响
杨晓松1, 段庆宝1, 陈建业1,2
1. 中国地震局地质研究所, 地震动力学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029; 2. HPT Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Fluid-rock interactions and their effects on the evolution of the Wenchuan earthquake fault zone
YANG XiaoSong1, DUAN QingBao1, CHEN JianYe1,2
1. State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China; 2. HPT Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Abstract：Mineralogical and geochemical results of the Wenchuan earthquake fault rocks reveal long-term evolution and fluid-rock interactions in the fault zone. Interseismic fluid-rock interaction altered the fault rocks and results in the depletion of felsic minerals and precipitation of clay minerals (smectite, illite, mixed layers of illite and smectite and chlorite). Hydrothermal minerals, such as pyrite, gypsum, barite and palygorskite, are widely present in the fault zone. The fault rocks are rich in Mg, P, Ti, Mn and Fe, but deplete Si, K and Na elements. Mass remove of fault rocks lead to significant volume loss in the fault zone. Experimental results indicate that gas permeability of fault rocks is higher than that measured by water, being attributed to the hydrophilic property of clay minerals, which lead to the reduction of effective pore space and thereby lowering permeability. Pores in fault rocks can withstand confining pressure up to 600 MPa, implying that fluids at depths may be sealed to build up excess pore pressure. Fluid alteration modified the mineralogy and particle size distribution of fault rocks, and therefore it is not applicable to estimate the rupture energy of earthquake by particle size distribution data.
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