WANG PeiTao,
SHAN Di,
HOU JingMing et al
.2018.Numerical investigation on the spatiotemporal evolutions characteristics of tsunami-induced currents and its responses to the input uncertainties in bays and harbors.Chinese Journal Of Geophysics,61(4): 1325-1340,doi: 10.6038/cjg2018L0098
Numerical investigation on the spatiotemporal evolutions characteristics of tsunami-induced currents and its responses to the input uncertainties in bays and harbors
WANG PeiTao1,2,3, SHAN Di1,2, HOU JingMing1,2,3, WANG Gang4, GAO Yi1,2,3, REN ZhiYuan1,2, FAN TingTing1,2, WANG ZongChen1,2, WANG JunCheng1,2
1. National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing 100081, China; 2. Tsunami Warning Center, State Oceanic Administration, Beijing 100081, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting, National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, State Oceanic Administration, Beijing 100081, China; 4. Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Defence, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
Abstract：The tsunami wave characteristics have been widely used as crucial parameters to characterize potential destruction. The characterization has better adaptability especially for the disaster caused by the near-field extreme tsunami events. However, analyzing the losses caused by the historical tsunami events, we can conclude that the strong current induced by tsunamis is the main cause of damage in the coastal zone and harbors. The rapid water level change caused by continental shelf and harbors oscillations may lead to strong current. It may be a threat to maritime facilities. Effective response and reduced tsunami current hazards will be a new challenge for tsunami warning services and maritime emergency management. It was particularly urgent to develop numerical forecasting methods and tsunami warning guidance products for tsunami vortex flows in bays and harbors. It's very meaningful for us to comprehensively understand and assess the characteristics of tsunami disasters in harbors. Due to limitation of field observation and lack of knowledge on the generation of tsunami vortex flows, the most of research on tsunami mainly focus on the characteristics of tsunami waves and tsunami-induced flooding. There is few research on the tsunami-induced currents, which may result in incomplete understanding of tsunami disaster in harbors and bays. Three high resolution tsunami numerical models were established for harbors which located in Hawaiian Islands based on nonlinear shallow water equation model (MOST). The horizontal resolution are all up to 10 meter. Far-field tsunami wave and current characteristics from Tohoku-oki earthquake are analyzed relied on finite-fault rupture model. The simulated results show that the tsunami characteristics in all the three harbors and their adjacent areas are in good agreement with the measured results. The refinement tsunami models are credible. This paper also highlight that tsunamis damage is not exclusively caused by surges that result in coastal inundation. There may be small amplitude accompanied by strong currents.#br#We present the results of numerical investigation that how scenario-maximum amplitudes and tsunami-induced currents vary due to the different input conditions. The following conclusions were drawn from the above studies. First, the spatial distribution characteristics of tsunami surge and currents in harbors are distinctly different, which is related to tsunami standing wave behaviors. Second, tsunami current has much greater spatial sensitivity relative to spatial variability of wave amplitude, and it is strong around the harbor entrance. The spatiotemporal evolution of tsunami currents has a stronger response to the uncertainties of input conditions than tsunami wave amplitude. The accurate simulation for tsunami-induced current is more challenging. Third, the influence on the accuracy of tsunami current simulation caused by the input uncertainties were responsibility for the error of tsunami risk assessment. So reasonable input conditions are critical to accurate tsunami flows estimating. Finally, the results of this paper can help us to comprehensively understand the characteristics of coastal tsunami disaster from surge and tsunami currents. They were very helpful for improving tsunami warning technology. So as to provide more scientific decision support products for disaster emergency management in future.
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