基于小波变换图像分割技术的电成像测井资料裂缝、孔洞面孔率提取方法

doi:10.6038/cjg20171233

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摘要对于裂缝、溶蚀孔洞发育的碳酸盐岩缝洞储层，如何从测井资料中提取裂缝、溶蚀孔洞信息是评价储层有效性的关键问题.为了从电成像测井静态图像上准确地分割出清晰的裂缝、溶蚀孔洞子图像进而提取其参数信息，本文提出了一种基于小波变换模极大值图像分割技术的电成像测井资料缝洞面孔率提取方法.以钮扣电极电导率曲线为对象，先消除井壁凹凸不平导致的地层背景噪声的影响，利用小波变换模极大值图像分割方法得到包含裂缝和溶蚀孔洞目标的子图像，根据子图像提取裂缝-孔洞总面孔率、裂缝面孔率、孔洞面孔率等信息.本文利用塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩地层的电成像测井数据提取了缝洞面孔率参数，还利用同井岩心CT扫描图像计算的平均缝洞面孔率、双侧向电阻率、常规测井资料三孔隙度模型计算的相对连通缝洞孔隙度进行了对比，并进行了试油验证.对比表明，电成像测井裂缝-孔洞总面孔率、裂缝面孔率、孔洞面孔率与岩心CT扫描图像平均缝洞面孔率、双侧向电阻率、相对连通缝洞孔隙度、试油结果均有较好的一致性.这一方面验证了采用本文方法提取的裂缝-孔洞总面孔率、裂缝面孔率、孔洞面孔率的合理性，另一方面表明所提取参数可用于指示缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层的渗透性和有效性.

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	刘瑞林
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关键词 ：碳酸盐岩缝洞储层, 电成像测井资料, 小波变换, 图像分割, 缝洞参数提取, 岩心CT扫描

Abstract：A key problem of effectiveness evaluation in fractured-vuggy carbonatite reservoirs is how to accurately extract fracture and vug information from well logging data. To solve this problem, we present a fracture/vug plane porosity extracting method based on wavelet transform modulus maxima and image dissection. Our processing object is button-electrode conductivity data. First we eliminate formation background noise caused by rugged borehole walls, then we dissect the de-noised data to get clear fracture-vug sub-images using the the image dissection method based on wavelet-transform-modulus-maxima, and calculate parameters including fracture-vug total plane porosity, fracture plane porosity and vug plane porosity from the sub-images. We extract plane porosity parameters from electrical imaging logging data collected from Ordovician carbonatite reservoirs in Tarim Basin. Besides, we use core average fracture-vug porosity calculated from CT scanning images, dual-lateral logging resistivity and relatively-connected fractured-vuggy porosity obtained by the triple-porosity model to confirm rationality of plane porosity parameters extracted from electrical imaging logging data. Moreover, we do a well testing operation. Comparison among these parameters or results indicates that there exists good consistencies between the fracture-vug plane porosity extracted from electrical imaging logging data and other results including the core CT average fracture-vug porosity, dual-lateral logging resistivity, relatively-connected fractured-vuggy porosity, and well testing results. These consistencies verify the rationality of fracture-vug total plane porosity, fracture plane porosity and vug plane porosity extracted from electrical imaging logging data using our wavelet-transform-based image dissection method, and indicate that the extracted parameters can be used to evaluate the permeability and effectiveness of fractured-vuggy carbonatite reservoirs.

Key words： Fractured-vuggy carbonatite reservoir Electric imaging logging data Wavelet transform Image dissection Fracture and vug parameter extraction Core CT scan image

收稿日期: 2016-09-03

PACS:

P631

基金资助:国家大型油气田及煤层气开发科技重大专项（2011ZX05020-008）资助.

作者简介: 刘瑞林,男,1959年生,博士,教授,博士生导师.目前主要从事地球物理资料储层评价、成像测井等方面的研究.E-mail:ruilinabc@263.net

链接本文:

http://www.geophy.cn/CN/10.6038/cjg20171233 或 http://www.geophy.cn/CN/Y2017/V60/I12/4945

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