YU Chuan-Hai,
ZHAO Jun-Feng,
SHI Xiao-Bin et al
.2017.Sediment density correction of gravity anomaly in the South China Sea and its significance to analyze regional tectonic characteristics.Chinese Journal Of Geophysics,60(8): 3151-3166,doi: 10.6038/cjg20170822
Sediment density correction of gravity anomaly in the South China Sea and its significance to analyze regional tectonic characteristics
YU Chuan-Hai1,2, ZHAO Jun-Feng1, SHI Xiao-Bin1, YANG Xiao-Qiu1, REN Zi-Qiang1,2, CHEN Mei1,2
1. Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
Abstract：Located in the interactional area of Pacific plate, Indo-Australian plate and Eurasian plate, the South China Sea has experienced a series of tectonic events such as rifting, seafloor spreading, India-Tibet collision and westward movement of Philippine Sea plate since the late Mesozoic. As a result, the South China Sea has not only developed a complex and various tectonic framework, but also accumulated sediments with uneven-thickness. To examine the effect of sediment density correction on the different scale tectonic characteristics analysis based on gravity data, by analyzing seismic wave velocities and drilling data collected from different parts of the South China Sea, this paper presents a quadratic function relationship to predict the density difference between sedimentary and sedimentary basement at different depth, and the gravity anomaly of the South China Sea due to the gravity deficit of less dense sediment. Our results show that the gravity anomaly due to the less dense sediment is in the range of -40~-60 mGal in the oceanic basin, while it could be larger than -135 mGal in the Yinggehai basin which has accumulated very thick sediments. With respect to the free-air gravity anomalies and the Bouguer gravity anomalies, the crustal Bouguer gravity anomalies, which has been corrected for the less dense sediment, can shed more light on the deep density structure at different scales and the fluctuation characteristics of the Moho surface, and its modulus of total horizontal derivative could present more details of offshore the extension of the Red River fault zone in the northwestern South China Sea. When estimating the lithosphere strength, spectrum method could estimate more reliable effective elastic thickness of the lithosphere with the crustal gravity anomaly data, especially in those elongated area with thick sediment such as the Yinggehai Basin and Malay Basin. These analyses indicate that the sediment density correction of gravity anomaly is necessary to reveal the tectonic characteristics of the South China Sea.
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